The United States And International Business Transactions

The United States is a leader in international business transactions. As a result the law surrounding international business structures and business dealings has flourished in the United States. Companies around the world who have no ties to the United States use this country in forum selection clauses because they want the efficient structure of our legal system and alternative dispute resolution options. For being so advanced in most other areas of international business transaction law, one would think that the practice of law here in the United States would also be efficient and groundbreaking. Not only is the legal market in the United States behind the eight ball, but current legal ethics rules prevent law firms from utilizing some more flexible business structures. One of these is allowing law firms to be owned by non-lawyers, for example becoming a publically held company. By allowing law firms the option of being publically held, they have a better opportunity to reach greater potential. Like in most other fields the world is becoming smaller, and it is normal to do business internationally. Without changes in the ethics rules that affect the ownership and management of law firms in the United States, they will be left behind in a world where it is becoming increasingly important to be first and stay first in the international market of legal services. There is no denying that United States based law firms have some ability to compete in the internationalShow MoreRelatedCorruption International Business Concerns The Making Of An Unlawful Payment1503 Words   |  7 Pages Corruption international business concerns the making of an unlawful payment to the politician’s government officials of a host company. The causes of corruption are multidimensional including cultural economic political legal and institutional factors that have different variations from one country to the other. The Foreign Corrupt Practices act was passed in 1977 to p rohibit the bribes and gifts to foreign officials as a method of payment influencing businesses and government decisions and toRead MoreA Brief Note On International Financial Reporting Standards1078 Words   |  5 Pages International Financial Reporting Standards BA 321 Christopher McGee February 26, 2017 Introduction In the world of business, there are many aspects that go into making a company run smoothly. One of the main departments of every company is the accounting department. Accounting is all about keeping up with the financial records. The accountant can’t just keep up with the records whatever they choose; there are standards that have to be followed. The standards suchRead MoreIBM Business Analytics-Case Analysis1181 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ CASE ANALYSIS 6: MONEYGRAM INTERNATIONAL Company Background The MoneyGram brand is recognized throughout the world as a leading global payment services company. The diverse array of products and services we offer enables consumer and businesses to make payments and transfer money around the world. From New York to Russia or London to India - in more than 197 countries - MoneyGram s money transfer service moves money quickly and easily around the world. The payment services alsoRead MoreForeign Corrupt Practices Act to Reduce Violations1638 Words   |  7 PagesMany companies are trying to expand economically in the market by doing business with an individual or another company in foreign countries. These businesses are engaging in into using improper ways of payments that are leading to secret bribes to the foreign public officials. Foreign countries are not always in compliance with the laws and they tend not to follow them. Having these problems with the US and all the millions of dollars that have been passed they wanted to take a more affirmative approachRead MoreUniform Commerical Code (UCC)1005 Words   |  5 Pages1952 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and the American Law Institute, which are two national nongovernmental legal organizations (Steingold, 2013). These two private entities recommend that the 50 state governments adopt the UCC; however, it does not become law unless it’s enacted by the state. The UCC is a â€Å"comprehensive statutory scheme which includes laws that cover aspects of commercial transactions† (Cheeseman, 2012, p. 161). The UCC divided into nine main articles;Read MoreLegal Frameworks Regulate The Domestic And International Businesses1663 Words   |  7 PagesVarious legal frameworks regulate both the domestic and international businesses. As such, the laws and regulations within the United States are somewhat dissimilar to those in the global trade arena. It is worth pointing out that contextual factors among other issues are some of the reasons why trades conducted within the United States markets would be different from the international ones. For a company like Medeco that wishes to consider expansion into the global arena, it would be essential toRead MoreThe Foreign Corrupt Practices Act1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Foreign Corrupt Practices Act has been pursued by government agencies recently as the SEC, the FBI, and Department of Justice are cracking down on international business corruption. Companies are working harder at expanding economically in the market by doing business with individuals and other companies in foreign countries. Foreign countries are not always in compliance with US laws and regulations, causing US companies who deal with them issues with compliance on the home front. Because ofRead MoreFeatures of International Contracts978 Words   |  4 Pages2. INTERNATIONAL CONTRACTS The international contract means it is the contract involving the foreign element i.e the contact with one or more national legal systems are been involved. International business comprises all commercial transactions i.e private, governmental, sales, investments, logistics, and transportation that take place between two or more regions, countries and nations beyond their political boundaries. It refers to all those business activities which involve cross border transactionsRead MoreInternational Business factor1439 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Since the Second World War, international business appeared as the main economic factor responding to postwar needs. Nowadays, globalisation has increased the facility of international exchange and has risen the multicultural needs.The increase in demand for international products has resulted in large possibilities to do business abroad. However, it is really complicate to import or export without knowledge in this area. Global business is all of the commercial exchanges which involve more thanRead MoreThe Effects Of E Commerce On Global Trade1524 Words   |  7 PagesE-commerce in Global Trade Introduction E-commerce is a term describing a new and innovative more efficient way of doing business completely by use of the internet, to conduct trade dealings both on a national and global scale. E-commerce offers a different mode of performing trade throughout the world without the need for tangible contact between the buyer and seller. The new transaction mode of purchasing and supplying goods has become explosive in terms of efficiency, competitiveness, and productivity

Application Software A Threat Of Our Privacy - 1649 Words

Application Software: A Threat to Our Privacy? ******* ******* By: Stephanie McGahie Mirea Park ABSTRACT Smartphones and tablets are both widely used by more than half of the population worldwide. They deliver speed, convenience, resourcefulness, and enjoyment through the millions of applications that anyone with basic or advanced programming knowledge can make. These applications are available through the IOS and Android markets. Although smartphone and tablet applications provide individuals with information, useful services and entertainment such as maps, Facebook, and even music players such as Pandora, they can also invade an individual’s privacy. Some researchers warn that there are actually a high percentage of smartphone applications that may threaten privacy. Every application must go through compliance requirements and it can be said that most people will not install and/or download any application that they don’t and/or wouldn’t trust. One of the largest concerns for application privacy is the ability for the device to gather personal information on the owner of the device and even additional information from the contact list. Some applications are believed to gather information such as phone numbers and even web habits. The smartphone and tablet alike have changed the way people communicate, work, and find their way through the world, carrying with them what could possibly be the latest tracking device. ********* INTRODUCTION ********* With theShow MoreRelatedRegulation on Cloud to Protect User Privacy1700 Words   |  7 PagesRegulation on Cloud to Protect User Privacy This essay writes about regulation that rules cloud provider to protect privacy of data citizens within country. First of all, this essay will describe about what cloud services that used nowadays, its wide range of services, and users motivation why they would use cloud services. In the second section, it will explain more about the security threat of cloud services and going more specific into privacy issue. The next section, I will discuss about theRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed At A Remarkable Speed1470 Words   |  6 Pagescybersecurity as a measure that protects our computers, networks, programs and data from unintended or unauthorized access, change or destruction.† You can also think of cybersecurity as a fence that keeps others from manipulating the confidentiality, integrity or the availability of your information without your consent. In the past 25 years, technology has changed at a remarkable speed. The explosive growth of the Internet has changed the way we portray ourselves and conduct our business. E-commerce, OnlineRead MoreEssay Software and Hardware Companies: Oracle NZ Ltd1375 Words   |  6 Pagesspecializes in developing and marketing computer hardware systems and enterprise software products – particularly its own brands of database management systems. The company also builds tools for database development and systems of middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning (ERP) software, customer relationship management (CRM) software and supply chain management (SCM) software. Oracle is the largest business software and hardware company in the world, with more than 3lakh customers and supportsRead MoreIt Security Compliance Policy Is The Legal Aspects Of The Information Security Triad : Availability, Integrity, And1619 Words   |  7 PagesS. Diplomatic Embassies across the globe. This document also covers the concept of privacy and its legal protections for privately-owned information by the U.S. government and government employee’s use of network resources. A detailed risk analysis and response procedures may also be found at the end of this policy. LAW Overview The following is a brief overview of compliance with each law related and in use by our organization. â€Å"The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) requires financial institutionsRead MoreMonitoring Of Walmart Information Resources1379 Words   |  6 Pages12-3.1 What We Monitor Monitoring of Walmart information resources may include, but is not limited to, the following: Network traffic. Application and data access. Keystrokes and user commands. E-mail and Internet usage. Message and data content. Unauthorized access points. 12-3.2 User Agreement to Monitor Any use of Walmart information resources constitutes consent to monitoring activities that may be conducted whether or not a warning banner is displayed. Users of Walmart information resources:Read MoreTraditional Data Mining Applications Essay599 Words   |  3 PagesApplication exploration: Traditional data mining applications had a great deal of attention on helping business gain well than others of a comparable nature. Data mining is explored to an increasing extent in areas such as financial analysis, telecommunications, biomedicines, science and also for counterterrorism and mobile (wireless) data mining. Scalable and interactive data mining methods: Data mining must be able to handle large amount of data efficiently and interactively apart from theRead MoreNetwork Security Policy : A Staple Of Communication And Research At Edu Corp Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished a comprehensive, detailed policy in order to protect our digital assets, but most importantly, our employees and customers. Since 2014, nearly thirty major companies have been victims of cyber-based attacks, resulting in millions of dollars in losses (Walters, 2015). At Edu Corp, we strive to implement cutting-edge, proactive security solutions to our various networks. In order to provide maximum safety and privacy to our employees and customers, Edu Corp enforces the security of internalRead MoreA Synopsis Of Cloud Computing1307 Words   |  6 Pagesvirtualization of the resources like applications, web based mailing tools and data storage software (Vuyyuru et al., 2012). Cloud computing has further three basic designs which include Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), this allows users to have control over operating systems and applications but little control over firewalls. The target customer is operators/IT. The customer usually rents this facility and pays for the use only. The second design is Software as a service (SaaS); this design doesRead MoreMobile Phones : A Target For Hackers1489 Words   |  6 PagesMobile phones play huge role in our lives as they help us get connected to each other all the time. Since the last decade, Mobile phones continued to evolve into smartphones which can do much more than calling and texting. Smartpho nes are nothing but computers with extra internal hardware specifically a GSM radio (Global System for Mobile Communications) and a baseband processor that controls the radio. Along with these primary hardware components, smartphones now comes embedded with additional hardwareRead MoreCan We Trust the Internet?1224 Words   |  5 Pages Internet Privacy Crisis What is privacy? Many people are aware of the term but do not understand what it means. Warren and Brandeis defined privacy in 1980 as â€Å"the right to be alone†. Buchholz and Rosenthal defined privacy as â€Å"the concept of being in control of information that is available about oneself†(2002, Jan). Whereas most recently Boscheck determined the meaning as â€Å"one’s ability to isolate oneself from others and their views. To have no privacy means to be exposed, out of control and possibly

As Said by Mark Twain Free Essays

Eiffel Tower, built in 1889 and named after its designer and engineer Gustave Eiffel is one of the most famous architectural structure in the world. ————————————————- Eiffel Tower is observation amp; radio broadcasting tower, it is 324 meters tall, and tallest building in Paris, also second tallest in the whole of France. It was also tallest man-made structure of the world from 1889 to 1930. We will write a custom essay sample on As Said by Mark Twain or any similar topic only for you Order Now Stonehenge, United Kingdom Stonehenge is an amazing structure built of standing stones in a circular form. It is one of the most ancient structures of the world, believed to built before 2000 B. C. Stonehenge has been destroyed several times, and the present day structure is believed to be remains of the structure built in 1600 B. C. ————————————————- Stonehenge is owned by The Crown and is also a  UNESCO  World Heritage Site. It is managed by English Heritage and National Trust. Saint Basil’s Cathedral, Russia Saint Basil’s Cathedral is a Russian Orthodox Church built in 16th century in Moscow. It is operated as State Historical Museum and is a property of Russian Federation. The design of the building forms a shape like that of flame of bonfire rising to the sky. ————————————————- Saint Basil’s Cathedral is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy Leaning Tower of Pisa is a unique structure, leaned at one side. It is campanile in the Italian city of Pisa. ————————————————- The Tower is 56. 70 high, 4. 09m wide and leaned at 3. 99 degrees. The construction of the tower started in 1173 and was completed in 1372. The tower has eight stories, including chamber of bells. It was not planned originally as a something like this, but during the construction it started leaning, and today although it weighs more than 14,000 metric tons, miraculously and proudly stands as one of the most beautiful structures of the world. Statue of Liberty, United States of America The  Statue of Liberty  is a sculpture of Libertas, Roman Goddess of Freedom, situated in United States of America. The statue designed by Frederic Bartholdi, was a gift from People of France to USA. The statue was inscribed on July 4, 1776, on the date of American Declaration of Independence. There is a broken chain at the feet of the statue, representing icon of freedom of United States. ————————————————- The statue is 93 meters high and has more than 3 million visitors annually. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Christ The Redeemer, Brazil Christ The Redeemer, located in Brazil, is one of the Seven Wonders of the World, it is also the fifth largest statue of Jesus Christ, and largest Art Deco statue in the World. ————————————————- Built between 1921 and 1931, The statue is 39. 6m. tall, 30m wide, and weighs over 600 tonnes. How to cite As Said by Mark Twain, Papers

Tesla Motor Inc Analysis

Question: Write an essay on "Tesla Motor Inc". Answer: Introduction Tesla Motor Inc. has recently introduced energy efficient, battery powered electric vehicles in the United States of America and in some of the European Union countries. The Chief Executive Officer of the company aims to enter the Australian market with a promotional budget of one billion US dollar for projected sales of 20,000 units of Tesla vehicles in its first year entry in Australia. As a Tesla marketing manager the main aim of the report is to prepare a marketing plan for the Australian market for the year 2016-2017. The marketing plan includes the SWOT analysis, the pestel analysis, the marketing goals of the company and the marketing strategies. It also includes marketing mix and the competitor analysis. The marketing plan also includes competitor analysis, and positioning strategy. The main aim of preparing the report is to form a proper marketing plan so that the Tesla Motor company can achieve its target of selling 20,000 units of Tesla vehicles in Australia. It is essenti al for the organization to analyze the factors that will affect the companys product and market when it enters the Australian market. The main aim is to analyze the Australian market and understand the present scenario of the economy so that the company can have an idea about its sales and profit. The manager should analyze the behavior of the customer because they are the purchasers of the product. It is also essential to recognize the competitors that it has in the Australian market so that the manager can form strategies to overrule its competitors and create a unique brand name in the market. Marketing strategies includes various tools that the company can use and the main objective of forming a marketing strategy is to accomplish the goals and objectives of the firm (Mangram, 2012). Overview of the company Tesla Motor Inc. is an automotive industry that is based in America. It is an automotive and energy Storage Company that designs, manufactures and sells battery products, cars, electric power train and other electrical components. It is public company that operates under the government ownership and in the history in 2013 for the first time it accounted for profit. The company operates under the NASDAQ stock exchange under the symbol of TSLA. It has its headquarter in California and now is spread across 50 show rooms worldwide. It has its market in United States, Canada, Europe, Asia and Australia. The company at present introduces energy efficient, battery powered electric vehicles in the United States and European Union countries and plans to introduce the product in the Australian market as well. The company plans to sell 20,000 units of its product in the Australian market in the first year of its entry. It was founded in the year 2003 by a group of engineers in Silicon Valley. T he main objective of the company was to prove that the electric cars are better than the ones that run on petroleum and diesel as it is more eco friendly and efficient. It is Technology Company that intends to manufacture and design a product with innovation (Tesla Motors, 2016). Figure: Tesla Motor Inc. logo Marketing goals and objectives The main goal of the manager of Tesla Company is to develop new market for its product especially in Australian market. It objectives include establishing a proper distribution and promotion channel so that it is able to expand the social networking in the presence of the internet and web. It also aims at achieving the sales target that it has set within a year through proper marketing strategies and plans. The main target is to capture the major part of the Australian market share and create a unique brand name among its competitors. It also aims at targeting new customers and maximizing sales through increasing its sale and reducing its cost of production. The company believes in innovation and it aims at launching a new product in the market that is more efficient and eco friendly than the previous product. It aims to capture as many customers it can in the Australian market and spread the brand awareness. The company also plans to spend one billion US dollar in the promotion of i ts new product that it has already launched in United States of America and European Union. The aim and the goal of the company are to promote its product not only in domestic market but in international market as well to grab as many customers it can. The aim of the company is to increase customer satisfaction as well as employee satisfaction. The marketing objective of the firm is to launch the product in a well established market so that the firm does not have to face any loss. It includes a marketing strategy that is set by the manager of the company to achieve the overall organizational goals and objectives (Jobber Ellis-Chadwick 2012). Marketing strategies Marketing strategies are the promotional or the distribution plan that an organization uses to accomplish its goals and objectives. It includes the strategies that include the external and the internal factors that affect the business, the strengths and weaknesses of the firm and also the opportunities and threats that the company has. It also includes marketing segmentations where the Australian market will be divided into subsection based on target customers. The marketing strategies of Tesla Company include targeting the Australian customers to sell its targeted products of 20,000 units in a year. Marketing strategies also includes marketing goals and objectives. The marketing strategy of Tesla Company is different from the other automobile industries. The customer contact point of Tesla includes giving test drive to its customers, and it also allows the customers to book the desired cars online. The new product that it is planning to launch in Australian market should also be mad e online so that customers can order and but the car without any hassle situation (Liu et al., 2014). Pestle analysis It is essential for the industries to analyze the external factors that affect the business and the market of the product. Pestle analysis helps the company analyze the external macro environmental factors that affect the business and the market. It helps the company in expanding its business in Australian market and it is only possible when the managers know the factors that are likely to affect the business of locomotives in Australian market. It shows and illustrates the environmental factors that are likely to affect the business (Yksel, 2012). Figure: PESTLE Analysis Political factors- government of the economy greatly influence the business. Since Australia is a mixed economy government influences the economy. So it is essential for the company to analyze the tax structure and the government that influences the market before launching the product. Tesla Company should be aware of the political, factors that are influencing the market in order to avoid any difficulty that it is likely to face. Environmental protection law is the factor that is most likely to affect the business of Tesla when it launches its product in Australian market. Since the Australian market is politically stable the political factors are less likely to affect the market of the economy (Yksel, 2012). Economic factors- the economic factors that influence business are the changes in the interest rate, growth condition, GDP growth rate, price level and the employment rate. Economic growth in Australia depends on the service sector so it essential for the firm to realize and know the economic factors that are likely to affect the business and the market. To launch a new product in the new market it is essential for the firm to realize the interest rates or the tax rates that exist in the market. It is essential for the firm to also know the fuel and the electrical cost in the Australian market to launch the electrical car in Australian market (Yksel, 2012). Social factors- social factors that affect the business and the market are beliefs, values, customs, attitude, lifestyle, sex, demography and behavior. Customers behavior greatly influences the market and it is essential for the firms to realize the lifestyle of the Australian customers. The idea of having and launching electrical car that are energy efficient will reduce the environmental cost as it will not deplete the resources that it uses. Social status is also likely to affect the business in Australia because people judge each others status based on the type of car they own. Idea of having electric car improves the social status of people (Yksel, 2012). Technological factors- technology plays a great role in business specially the in the automotive industries. Technological advancement has helped the industry improve its product such as introduction of electric cars and computerization of cars has improved the business. Improvement in technologies and infrastructure is essential for the development of the automotive industry especially when it is planning to launch a product in new Australian market (Yksel, 2012). Environmental factors- various environmental factors play an important role in developing business. It is essential for the industries to develop a product that is eco friendly in nature and protecting environment has been a major challenge for the industry. Factors also affect the business. It is essential for the organization to make sure that the product that it is launching is eco friendly. The company has an added advantage because Australia is rich in its natural resources (Yksel, 2012). Legal factors- government policies such as environmental protection laws and rules also affect the business that the manager should keep in mind before launching any product. It is essential to identify that the company fulfills all the norms or not. Various green movements such as energy loan programs, also affects the business and the market for the product (Yksel, 2012). SWOT analysis Swot analysis is another form of marketing strategy that analyzes the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of the company. It is essential for the firm to analyze the strengths and the weaknesses that the company has and the opportunities and threats that it is likely to face. Figure: SWOT analysis Strengths- the main strengths of Tesla motors is that it is the special force so it recruits only the best personality in its company that is very efficient and productive. The company also developed the first fully electric sports car The Roadster due to which it has a strong brand name of automotive industries. It is also a strong supplier to other manufacturers like Toyota. The company has strong technological expertise in the area of electrical. The company also has ability to develop a new product completely in house (Ayub et al., 2013). Weaknesses- the production of good completely in house leads the cost of production to rise of the product. The prices of its products are higher than their competitors who sell engine powered vehicles. The company also indulges itself in selling only electric cars but people are still suspicious of the product. The company is just ten years old so it has limited operation history. The car industry is very competitive in nature so the profit of the firm is very fluctuating in nature. The demand for the locomotive is not high in Australia so it might not be able to sell the targeted products in the Australian market (Ayub et al., 2013). Opportunities- the opportunities that Tesla has are the support from the government that it gets. It also gets exemption from the government in form of duties and taxes because the company produces environmental friendly product globally. The world is running out of oil so the demand for the electric car that the company produces is likely to rise in future. Improvement in the quality control process of the company can reduce the cost of production that will increase the profit of the company (Ayub et al., 2013). Threats- the main threat that the company faces is from its competitors. The current business models make it difficult for the company to be able to produce, distribute and sell the cars. The pricing strategy of the industry of skimming is nit used in any other industry that increases the risk for the company. The main threat is from the competition. The electric car increases the tendency of accidents that leads to cause of fear among the customers. The electric cars are till expensive when compared to other cars that are likely to decrease the demand for it in near future (Ayub et al., 2013). Marketing mix Marketing mix another tool used in marketing planning that includes the four Ps such as price, product, place and promotion. It is a business tool used by the businesses and the managers in market to promote its products. Figure: marketing mix Price- price plays an essential role in the market because the demand for the product depends on the price. The company will set the price at the level where it is able to cover up the cost and that is affordable by customers. The company should not charge high price for the product that it is planning to launch in new Australian market. This will help the company attract more customers and will help in increasing the competitive advantage in the market (Hollensen, 2015). Promotion- since the firm is launching a product that is new in the market it is essential for customers to be aware of the product. Various promotion techniques can be used such as internet, social media, sales promotion, digital marketing and direct sales of the products. The company is ready to spend one billion dollars in the promotion techniques and methods. It means increasing customer awareness of the product or the grand that it is planning to launch (Hollensen, 2015). Place- - the place where the distribution of the product is Australia as well as the international market. It is an Australian based international company. Place is the distribution area. Headquarter of the company is in California where all the manufacturing and assembling takes place. The company distributes its products to various other places as well such as Europe, Australia, and Asia (Hollensen, 2015). Product- the company is involved in manufacturing many products such as automotives and energy efficient car. It is also involved in manufacturing and designing products that includes batteries and energy resources. The company has recently introduced energy efficient, battery powered electric vehicles in the United States of America and in some of the European Union countries. It is planning to launch the product in the Australian market recently (Hollensen, 2015). Market segmentation Market segmentation means division of market into section and subsections I order to form a proper target market to which the products will be sold. Market segmentation depends on the various factors such as geographical, demographical and environmental. The segment that the company will target in Australia will include people that are looking for electric premium cars and luxury cars. It will target the Australian market that is well developed. The customers that will be targeted are the ones who have high standard of living and are rich and affluent willing to spend more on vehicles. The company is positioned as pure electric drove but it is more of sporty and luxurious. Mainly the male members of the country will be targeted because they are the ones who are likely to buy the car. The customers who are eco friendly and care for the environment are the ones who are most likely to purchase the product (Cui Choudhury 2015). Positioning Positioning and branding strategy is another marketing tool used by companies to achieve its goals and targets. Positioning strategies is creating a unique position in the market. It includes competitor analysis. A proper strategy can help the company mitigate the ill effects of competition. Competitive advantage can be achieved by formulating a good marketing plan and targeting the customers who are not aware of the technology that it is going to launch. The main tagline of the company is burn rubber not gasoline it is an automobile sector that produces electric vehicles (Huang Sarigll 2012). Competitor analysis The automotive industry is highly competitive in the world. It is essential for the organization to analyze the strategies of its competitors in order to increase the competitive advantage. The major competitors of Tesla motor company are Chevrolet Volt, Toyota Prius, Honda Civic, Toyota Rav Hybrid and Smart car. The marketing strategies helps the firms achieve and create unique brand name in the Australian market. The main threat of the company is from its competitors. It is essential to analyze the strategies of its competitors before making any marketing strategy (Upson et al., 2012). Conclusion Hence it can be concluded that forming a good marketing plan is essential for the organization to achieve its goals and objectives. It helps in good coordination of the employees that helps in increasing the profit and increasing the brand awareness. It is essential for the Tesla motors to analyze the environment and market of Australia before launching any product in the Australian market. References Ayub, A., Razzaq, A., Aslam, M. S., Iftekhar, H. (2013). A conceptual framework on evaluating SWOT analysis as the mediator in strategic marketing planning through marketing intelligence.European Journal of Business and Social Sciences,2(1), 91-98. Cui, G., Choudhury, P. (2015). Effective strategies for ethnic segmentation and marketing. InProceedings of the 1998 Multicultural Marketing Conference(pp. 354-358). Springer International Publishing. De Mooij, M. (2013).Global Marketing and Advertising: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes. Sage Publications. Hanssens, D. M., Pauwels, K. H., Srinivasan, S., Vanhuele, M., Yildirim, G. (2014). Consumer attitude metrics for guiding marketing mix decisions.Marketing Science,33(4), 534-550. Hardman, S., Shiu, E., Steinberger-Wilckens, R. (2015). Changing the fate of Fuel Cell Vehicles: Can lessons be learnt from Tesla Motors?.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,40(4), 1625-1638. Hartley, R. F., Claycomb, C. (2013).Marketing mistakes and successes. Wiley. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Huang, R., Sarigll, E. (2012). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix.Journal of Business Research,65(1), 92-99. Jobber, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2012).Principles and practice of marketing(No. 7th). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Leeflang, P., Wittink, D. R., Wedel, M., Naert, P. A. (2013).Building models for marketing decisions(Vol. 9). Springer Science Business Media. Liu, Y. E., Kang, Y., Wu, H., Chen, C., Hon, E. (2014). Tesla Motors Inc. Case Synopsis. Madureira, L. (2014). Market and Competitor Analysis: Real Exercise.The Art of Intelligence: Simulations, Exercises, and Games, 125. Mangram, M. E. (2012). The globalization of Tesla Motors: a strategic marketing plan analysis.Journal of Strategic Marketing,20(4), 289-312. Papadopoulos, N., Heslop, L. A. (2014).Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge. Park, J., Rast, J., MacDoughall, T., Nitti, B., Sinton, D., Geissler, A., Roseli, K. L. (2014). Marketing Plan for Tesla Motors Model S. Rahmani, K., Emamisaleh, K., Yadegari, R. (2015). Quality Function Deployment and New Product Development with a focus on Marketing Mix 4P model.Asian Journal of Research in Marketing,4(2), 98-108. Sheth, J. N., Sisodia, R. S. (2015).Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge. Solomon, M. R. (2014).Consumer behavior: buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Tesla Motors. (2016). Teslamotors.com. Retrieved 31 May 2016, from https://www.teslamotors.com/ Turnbull, P. W., Valla, J. P. (Eds.). (2013).Strategies for international industrial marketing. Routledge. Upson, J. W., Ketchen, D. J., Connelly, B. L., Ranft, A. L. (2012). Competitor analysis and foothold moves.Academy of Management Journal,55(1), 93-110. Yksel, I. (2012). Developing a multi-criteria decision making model for PESTEL analysis.International Journal of Business and Management,7(24), 52.

Learning and memory are two in... free essay sample

Learning and memory are two intertwined yet distinct concepts. Myers and DeWall (2015) defines learning as a process through which experiences or practice lead to the development of change in behavior. Most peoples perception of learning is limited to the aspect of formal education. Associating learning with formal education constraints it acquisition of academic knowledge. Learning occurs throughout our entire life. Individuals encountered different experiences on a daily basis that have a permanent impact on their behavior, which is the basis of learning. Learning can occur in different ways including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observation. Classical conditioning is the fundamental way that most people acquire learn about new things. It takes place through the introduction of a neutral stimulus. Continuous exposure of a subject to the stimulus results in the evoking a response that is naturally elicited by another different stimulus. Operant conditioning is an approach where behaviors are developed in response to gaining rewards and avoiding punishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning and memory are two in or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Learning can also occur by observing other people actions and the consequences of their behavior, an approach called observational learning. According to Myers and DeWall (2015), memory is any indication that learning has persisted over time. It is evident from the definition that memory builds on from the concept of learning explaining the relationship between the two concepts. Memory general entails encoding information, storage of the information and retrieval of information. There are different models on how learning occurs. The three stage processing of memory argues that there are three stages that all information must pass through before it stored. According to the model, memory can be sensory, short-term or long-term. Sensory memory isnt encoded but rather lingers in a sense momentarily. As one selectively pay attention to specific information, it becomes encoded and ceases to be a sensory memory. The information becomes short-term memory which lingers for a longer period than sensory memory. The capacity of short-term memory is limited and the information fades within ten to thirty seconds. When information undergoes permanent storage, it becomes long-term memory. The capacity for storing such information is unlimited. Understanding the concepts of learning and memory and how they are interlinked is essential in developing a plan to enhance learning and memory in different disciplines (Myers DeWall, 2015). The plan for implementing memory is to ensure effective application of study skill, and can be sensory, short-term, or long-term. Nursing education, particularly the academic aspect of it, is dependent on the long-term memory. Developing long-term memory is essential in the discipline since information acquired needs to be stored for an unlimited duration for both current and future reference. It is, therefore necessary to develop skills in nursing education that enhance long-term memory. Regular attendance of lecture, constant note taking, and class assignment are good study habits. Nursing education goes beyond just passing exams at the academic level as the information is dependent on nursing practices where nurses do not have the time to make references to academic texts. The plan is, therefore, to develop alternative study habits such as reading the text to understand rather than cramming. For information to become part of the memory, it needs to be encoded and stored. Adopting repetitive reading and comprehensive reading develops encoding ability of the mind ultimately enhancing memory regarding new concepts (McLeod, 2018). As an alternative, I intend to use the retrieval practice Sleister (2014) suggests, that the use of retrieval practice will facilitate long-term memorization. This is critical in nursing, which requires constant analysis, synthesis and recall of health-related information. In an attempt to implement this, it essential to start by describing the main ideas using my own words whenever I read. After each paragraph, ask questions regarding what I have read using self-quiz, before connecting new ideas with the issues I have just learned. The process will take time, and I am hopeful with repetition I will enhance my memory skills. The plan for implementing learning concept into nursing education will be that learning is an active process that entails the engagement and manipulation of objects, experiences, and conservations. Such engagements and manipulation aim to build mental models of the world (Nielsen, Pedersen Helms, 2015). Learning as an active process, which also calls for engagement in conversation, and engagement with others which leads to the establishment of connections between prior knowledge and new ideas. This points to the next step of the plan to implement learning concept, which is building on prior knowledge (Cherry, 2017). I plan to focus on enriching and building on the current understanding of concepts of nursing education. With this plan I will participate in study groups or seminars Exposure to different healthcare scenarios will also enhance my learning. Learning in nursing education doesnt end at the academic level when nurses finish a nursing course but continue even in practices. From this approach, the plan tends to restructure nursing education in a way that fosters continuous learning and exposure to different healthcare experience enabling nurses to build on Aliakbari, F., Parvin, N., Heidari, M., ; Haghani, F. (2015).

How to Use Quand, Lorsque, Lors de, and Pendant

How to Use Quand, Lorsque, Lors de, and Pendant Time doesnt have to be a point on a clock or any other exact measure. It can be a moment or a duration, simultaneous actions or repeated actions, and every discrete difference in between. Thats what the following analysis of these time-related expressions is all about. Were going to look at  the differences between the conjunctions quand and lorsque, the similar-looking expressions lorsque  (conjunction) and lors de  (a preposition), and the temporal prepositions lors de and pendant. This may sound like a mouthful, but its actually pretty straightforward once you know the story behind these words to see how theyre utilized. Here are explanations and examples to help you use all of these correctly in French sentences. 'Quand' versus'Lorsque' The conjunctions quand and lorsque both mean when. They are interchangeable when they indicate a simple correlation in time, although lorsque is a bit more formal. However, quand and lorsque each have unique, non-interchangeable meanings as well. 'Quand' ('When') 1.  Temporal correlation (interchangeable with lorsque) Je marchais quand tu mas tà ©là ©phonà ©.   I was walking when you called me.Quand je tai vu, javais peur.   When I saw you, I was afraid.Je te verrai demain quand jarriverai.* I will see you tomorrow when I arrive. 2.  Repetition correlation (meaning chaque fois que) Quand il est l, elle ne parle pas.   When(ever) he is there, she doesnt speak.Quand il sera l, elle ne parlera pas.*   When(ever) he is there, she wont speak. 3.  Quand as  interrogative adverb Quand vas-tu arriver?   When are you going to arrive?Je ne sais pas quand il reviendra.   I dont know when he will return. 'Lorsque' ('When') When the action that follows  lorsque  or  quand  has not yet occurred, the subsequent  French verb must be in the  future  tense, whereas in English the present tense is used. 1.  Temporal correlation (interchangeable with quand) Je marchais lorsque tu mas tà ©là ©phonà ©.   I was walking when you called me.Lorsque je tai vu, javais peur.   When I saw you, I was afraid.Je te verrai demain lorsque jarriverai.   I will see you tomorrow when I arrive. 2.  Simultaneous opposition (meaning alors que or tandis que) Jai crià © lorsquil a fallu courir.   I screamed when / whereas I should have run.Je crierai lorsquil faudra courir.   Ill scream, when / whereas I should run. 'Lorsque' versus 'Lors de' ('During,' 'At the Time of') Lorsque and lors de may look similar, but thats all they have in common. Lorsque  is a conjunction. Meanwhile,  lors de is a preposition  used to provide the background for another action; it means at the time of or during. Lors de son anniversaire, elle à ©tait contente.   At the time of her birthday, she was happy.Je suis arrivà © lors du mariage.   I arrived during the wedding. 'Lors de' versus 'Pendant' ('During') Be careful not to confuse the prepositions  lors de and pendant. They can both be translated by during, but lors de refers to a single moment in time, while pendant indicates a duration of time. Il à ©tait content lors de son sà ©jour.   He was happy (at some point) during his stay.Il à ©tait content pendant son sà ©jour.   He was happy during his (entire) stay.Il à ©tait content lors de son anniversaire.   He was happy (for a moment) on his birthday.Il à ©tait content pendant son anniversaire. He was happy during his (entire) birthday.Il a travaillà © lors des trois dernià ¨res annà ©es.   He worked (at some point) during the last three years.Il a travaillà © pendant les trois dernià ¨res annà ©es. He has worked (throughout) the last three years.

Discussion Board 4-2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion Board 4-2 - Assignment Example Marketers of the drug continue to pass insufficient and misleading information to the potential consumers and even failing to warn that overdose of the drugs can suppress breathing and lead to death (Hart & Ksir, 2011). To achieve effectiveness, marketers of Ambien and Lunesta should sensitize consumers that high dose of short-acting drugs cannot substitute the long-acting barbiturate drugs. The general effect of the approach used in marketing Ambien and Lunesta relates to consumers perceiving the drugs as only sleep inducers (Hart & Ksir, 2011). Many distressed individuals have resorted into using the drugs especially when they cannot sleep. The marketing approach that depicts the drugs as good for causing sleep has made societies across the world overrate the benefits of the drugs. Instead of seeking to handle social issues amicably and soberly, people tend to take short-cuts through the use of Lunesta and Ambien that can quickly drive one into sleep. In addition, the marketing of Ambien and Lunesta as less likely to cause dependency has seen increased preference of the drugs among

Managerial Applications of Technology (Emerging IT Trends) 2 Assignment

Managerial Applications of Technology (Emerging IT Trends) 2 - Assignment Example This can therefore be termed as the current trend in business. It is important that a business adheres to emerging trends in all aspects. Adhering is not sufficient; rather, there are certain advantages which come with adopting them earlier. These include being ahead of competitors, or reaping the most out of business before the said information technology trend expires or is shared amongst many users. This means that waiting to see how an emerging trend will transpire is not the best idea since a business entity may end up adopting it late, or after competitors have gained the upper hand (Reynolds, 2010). There are, however risks involved, such as adopting the information technology trend, then it fails, or does not auger as expected. This therefore categorizes the trend as a risk. One potential occurrence is that an organization may adopt an emerging trend which may not be acceptable, or may impact negatively on it. For example, a business may convert to an online entity upon which there may be less client visits or sales since technology is not available to everyone. It is therefore important that managers take caution before embracing emerging (new) information technology trends. Certain considerations can be made, such as â€Å"testing† them before applying them (Doyle, 2000). These can be done by analyzing or forecasting what is likely to emerge from the application of a certain emerging trend. These would be effective in countering losses or inconveniences which may arise from applying the new trends, which lack experience. High, P. (2013, October 14). â€Å"Gartner: Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2014.† Forbes. Retrieved on 4 July, 2014 from

Research Assignment 2 Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment 2 - Research Paper Example As mentioned above, people move from their original homes to a new region either permanently or temporarily. Their decision to either make their new environment home forever or temporary depends on their reasons for fleeing their original inhabitants. For example, those who move to seek refuge due to war may stay for long compared to those who moved in search of a lucrative career opportunity. The war victims are mentally traumatized; hence needs a new environment for a fresh start. Their decision may also be influenced by the level of hospitality of the  new  region. Communities that are less hostile encourage them to stay permanently while opposite hospitality makes them to continue migrating. Their ability to fit in the culture of their new region may also matter since moving to a region with completely different cultural practices can be frustrating. Immigration results to intermarriages across cultures. The resulting generation may have slightly different cultures but mainly adopts both cultures or keep the good cultural practices of each parent culture (Weller & Serow, 2013). Immigration and migration have led to globalization as people adapt to cultures across the globe whenever they travel to a new region. Consequently, cultures have become dynamic; they change with time and currently very few communities practice their primordial culture in pure forms. Religious beliefs are based on supernatural beings and differ across the globe. Religion is a very delicate and sensitive matter such that, any disobedience of religious norms is considered a capital crime and may cost one his or her life. In the past, there have been wars between  Christians and Muslims because of disrespect of religious beliefs. If one party’s religion is mishandled and ridiculed, there is bound to be a war. Everyone tends to protect their religion. Religion has a very significant role in social issues in the society. For example, marital stability is attributed to strong

The History Of Revenge English Literature Essay

The History Of Revenge English Literature Essay William Shakespeares masterpiece, Hamlet, is the story about the Prince of Denmarks struggle for revenge against his murderous uncle, who is now the new King of Denmark. Hamlet is completely blind with revenge and has even been considered mad. Hamlets fall into insanity is a result of many different, tragic reasons. Throughout the entire play Hamlet seems to keep to himself, with a lack of any true companionship. Almost everyone seems to be against him throughout the play. They distrust Hamlet, and he doesnt fully trust anyone; which will ultimately lead to his downfall. Hamlet has a tragic flaw that may lead him to disaster. Hamlet has a tendency to over think everything he does. With every thought and process he goes through he must have a reason of doing it the way he does. If not done to his liking, he will not attempt the task. Hamlet is portrayed as intelligent. This is shown through Hamlets use of his obviously superior mind and knowledge to deceive most everyone in the kingdo m. He is clearly more intelligent than any other character in the play and to us; but his intelligence does get him into a great deal of trouble though. He is always out to prove himself. He cannot take anyones word for granted. Hamlet is meant to seem more psychotic and delusional the further into the play we get. Shakespeare meant for this. Without seeming crazy, Hamlet wouldnt have the opportunity of revenging his fathers death. Hamlets madness is the very means for his revenge. Hamlet seems to be an outsider throughout the play. The first time that this is seen is through Hamlets uncertainty and even disgust of his uncle and mothers wedding. In Shakespeares time it was considered acceptable, even though they were not blood relatives. Hamlet shows his dislike by saying A little more than kin, and less than kind (I, ii). This shows that he has an early dislike to his uncle, which will later help Hamlet with achieving his revenge. The next time that this distance from others is seen in Hamlet is when Ophelia is talking with Laertes and later Polonius. They both tell her that Hamlet and her cannot and will not be together, it is not possible because of the difference in class. This is confirmed when Laertes tells her, Perhaps he loves you nowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but you must fear, His greatness weighted, his will is not his ownà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (I, iii). He tells her not to trust Hamlets false love, for he is a subject of the kingdom, and must marry royalty and do wha t the state requests of him. Polonius furthers this claim by adding Ay, springes to catch woodcocksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ You must not take for fire, (I, iii). In this he basically tells her that she is senseless, and should not believe Hamlets words or his vows. By the end of the speech he even tells her to stay away from Hamlet, basically so she will not look unwise, therefore he will not look like the fool. Hamlets trust further decreases when he encounters Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, whom were sent to him by the King. He knows that these friends are acting under the kings will, and gets them to spill the beans. The conversation that starts Beggar that I am, I am even poor in thank, and ends My lord we were sent for, (II, ii, 283 306) shows the suspicion building even more. Hamlet now knows that he cannot trust these men anymore both because they lied to him, and were sent by the man Hamlet despises, as spies. The same event happened to Ophelia as well. She was sent by Polonius, the King and the Queen so that they could prove Hamlets madness is for the love of Ophelia. Hamlet senses this, and loses all trust in Ophelia as he has done with many others. Throughout the conversation that goes Ha, ha. Are you honest? Are you fair? (III, i) Hamlet discovers the kings plot and acts as if he were crazy, and not in love with Ophelia. He is acting in this scene because later in act five he admits to caring for Ophelia. I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quantity of love, make up my sum, (V, i). There are only two people that trust Hamlet; they would be the Queen and Horatio. Horatio is Hamlets only true companion. He knows of the betrayal the king committed against Hamlets father, and has not caused any trouble for Hamlet. Gertrude is the only other person whom trusts Hamlet; however her trust is questionable. Hamlet kills Polonius, and then gets into an argument with his mother. From here he asks her to tell Claudius that he is in fact cr azy. I am essentially not in madness, but mad in craft (III, iv,). Hamlet is telling her that he is in fact not insane, but doing what he is doing for a purpose. All of these examples are proof that it is a false madness that Hamlet has fallen into. He is using this madness to get closer to what he wants, his revenge. Hamlet has yet another problem throughout the play that both prevents and helps Hamlet in obtain his goal; which is, he over thinks everything. Hamlets obsession with perfecting everything to what he wants is a good and a bad thing for him. The first example of Hamlets over thinking would be after he talks with the ghost of his father. Hamlets father tells him that Claudius is not only the cause of his death, but the one who murdered him. The passage that starts Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beastà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (I, v, 42 91) that Claudius kills him. Hamlet, however, has to prove this for himself before he can takes any action. He over thinks the death of his father, even though he already believes it to be true. This is also proof that the ghost is real because others have seen it, so Hamlet is not crazy. Hamlet is again seen over thinking his situation when he goes to Claudiuss closet to get his revenge. Hamlet says O, this is hire and salary, not revenge, (III, iii) when he finds Claudius is praying. Hamlet over thinks it because he does not believe that killing Claudius is revenge enough, he must do it after Clau dius has committed a sin, so that his soul cannot find its way into heaven. Another instance of Hamlet over thinking occurs during a soliloquy O, what a rogue and pleasant slave am I (II, ii). In this soliloquy he questions himself over and over again. Am I a coward? (II, ii, 606) Hamlet is basically putting himself down, saying that he disliking his weakness, and even calls himself a whore to words, for he cannot act. The whole soliloquy is Hamlet doubting that he can actually get revenge. Over thinking and never doing could be a cause for Hamlet to look insane, he is all talk with no action. Hamlet is so obsessed with his revenge; it may look like a crazed madness. However, the madness is part of the plot that he has developed for revenge. This is probably the most intelligent way to go about plotting revenge, for no one takes a crazy man seriously. Hamlet is the most intelligent individual in the play, and uses this to his advantage as much as possible. Hamlet is witty, and this is first seen when Claudius asks why he is in mourning still, in which Hamlet replies I am too much in the sun, (I, ii). It is seen later in the play when he hides the body of Polonius and is asked where the body is buried in which Hamlet replies At supper, not where he eats, but where he is eaten, (IV, iii). This shows that he is witty and likes to mess with other people in the play. Hamlet also shows his superior intelligence in other ways. When he is speaking with Polonius Hamlet insults him you are a fishmonger, (II, ii). Later in this exchange of words, words, words, (II, ii) Hamlet continually insults the old man but Polonius takes these insults as a sign of insanity. Hamlet uses his intelligence to catch and make fun of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern for their ignorance. You were sent for; and there is a kind of confession in your looks which your modesties have not craft enough to color. I know the good king and queen have sent for you (II, ii). With this quote he is outright telling them that they are idiots, and that he knows why they are with him. The insult however just flies over their heads. One event that supports Hamlets intelligence would be the idea Hamlet has of getting the players to reenact his fathers death. This not only will prove to Hamlet that Claudius killed his father, but it will also get back at his mother and uncle. The play makes his uncle scared because he knows the Hamlet knows the trust and his mother very upset. At the end of the play when all the others leave Hamlet goes on to plan even more. He believes that his mother knows of Claudiuss betrayal and will try to force it out of her. I will speak daggers to her, but use noneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ how my words soever she be shent, to give them seals never, my soul, consent! (III, ii). He says he will cause her pain, but only with words, so that she may t ell what she knows. Hamlet uses his intelligence to mask his plans, and everything he is meaning to do. He has to be smart, or else he would have already been caught, and taken away. Hamlets intelligence is the key to his plan. It is the whole idea of looking mad, but actually being of a sound mind that gets Hamlet to where he needs to be. If Hamlet was not the smartest person in the play, or of any less intelligent than he was, he probably would have been killed many times before. He caught the tricks of the king, knew of the spying and overcame all of these obstacles to get what he wanted. Hamlet is the most human like character Shakespeare created, and he has very human like characteristics such as the use of intelligence. This is seen in everyday life. For example, people lie, and people catch those lies, such as a child lying to his mother so he will not get into trouble. This is essentially what Hamlet is doing; he catches the lies of Ophelia, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and the King. Hamlets consciousness of the world in his time and the over thinking of just about everything was both a plus and a minus to Hamlet. If it werent for the over thinking he may ha ve had his revenge much sooner, but in a way he did not see fit for his murderous uncle. This over thinking does get his deed done in the fashion Hamlet wants, but it does cause other fatalities, including him own. People over think things every day and over thinking usually lead to problems. One example of this would be like skydiving. You want to do it, but once you get to the door of the plane, you go through all the bad and scary situations of jumping that may cause you to coward out. This usually makes it much harder to force yourself to jump. Hamlet does a bit of this, even called himself a coward, but this mockery to himself is what drives him to want revenge even more. Distrust is common theme in the play, and it plays a major role throughout Hamlet. It seems that no one really trusts each other. Hamlet has little trust in anyone, which could make it easier to follow through with his revenge. He doesnt really trust anyone, and no one really trusts him, so there is nothing to lose. This is seen in life with friends. If you know or trust someone, you try harder not to hurt their feelings. If you dont know them then hurting their feelings is not quite as important since you do not have a strong bond with that person. Hamlet uses these advantages he has to create a mad persona of himself, which is believable, to gain his revenge.

The Publishing of Written Materials: Newspapers, Magazines and Books :: Publishing Publish Essays

The Publishing of Written Materials: Newspapers, Magazines and Books Publishing as an industry is in constant dialogue - a true back and forth - with the surrounding culture commercially, technologically, and artistically. It has changed greatly since the early 1800's and particularly during the 1900's. These changes have occurred in relationship to evolving aspects of American life, and so the factors one must consider are many: literacy and compulsory education, legal ownership of the actual words to be published, modes of production and distribution, availability of resources such as paper and printing equipment, the ideas which generate the written word, the presence of a reading public and the questions it asks, and surrounding social events - war, money, immigration, reconstruction of the South. A brief early history: Publishing begins in US when Stephen Day issues the Bay Psalm Book in 1640 from his press in Cambridge MA Printing under state control in colonial times, and bookselling seldom an independent vocation before 1850. In the early years of the Colonies, Cambridge, Mass., had the sole privilege of printing, but the monopoly was broken in 1674, when Marmaduke Johnson, who had come over to print an Indian Bible (1663), moved his press to Boston. Gradually others followed - Philadelphia had a press in 1685; New York City, in 1693. It was difficult for the colonial printer, as for any small printer, to produce large works because of a shortage of type; but patronage by the government helped to give his products a dignified style. Almanacs, primers, and law books were the staples of book production; works of theology formed the leading category. Until 1769 American printers bought their presses from England, but thereafter they acquired their equipment and supplies, including ink and paper, do mestically. Books were sold in various ways—by subscription, by the printer himself, by hawkers, and through shopkeepers. Though Massachusetts passed a law against hawkers in 1713, it carefully excluded book peddlers, who had a valuable function in rural areas.

Saturday Night and Sunday Morning

Director Karel Reisz's Saturday Night and Sunday Morning, the classic story of an angry young man, heralded a new kind of cinema for British audiences. Saturday Night and Sunday Morning is a classic social realist film of the British New Wave. Made in 1960, it was groundbreaking in both its portrayal of the industrial nightmare of working class factory life, and its unrepentant, cocky anti-hero Arthur Seaton. The British New Wave and La Nouvelle Vague Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960) was Karel Reisz's first feature film, made in the light of a number of outstanding documentaries from the Free Cinema movement. Interestingly, this film emerged at the same time as Jean-Luc Godard's debut feature A Bout De Souffle (Breathless). Reisz and Godard, the enfant terrible of the French New Wave, shared certain traits. Both were critics turned film-makers whose debut films were the first commercial hits of their respective new waves, and both films were anti-establishment pieces from directors with political agendas. The Angry Young Man Saturday Night and Sunday Morning was a film to which many people could relate. Alan Sillitoe, who adapted his book for the screen, was the creator of one of the original angry young men of cinema history, Arthur Seaton. Arthur is a working class anti-hero whose boredom of factory life is assuaged only by his reckless attitude to life. Trapped in a dead end job, Arthur represents the individual against the system. He makes the most of his leisure time in an attempt to escape the mediocrity of his life. Arthur is blunt and cocky, out for a good time with women, booze and a well cut suit. But he is angry about the restrictions placed on him by his working class life. The cause of this aggression – factory life – united a public who recognized his anger. Cinema attendances reflected the fact that this was one of the first times audiences felt their own lives were represented on screen. Fatally Flawed At the beginning of the film Arthur is having an affair with Brenda, a married woman, who he gets pregnant. He tries to help her when she says she wants an abortion, although ultimately this is unsuccessful. It is a testament to the film-makers that this storyline does not alienate audiences. In fact, for all his gruff, rabble rousing, Arthur remains a likable, if flawed, character. He is seen to get a sort of comeuppance when Brenda's brother in law beats him up at the Nottingham Goose Fair, but audience sympathy is still with Arthur. This is also due in no small part to Albert Finney's amazing portrayal of Arthur as a working class lad coming to bitter terms with the responsibilities of manhood. The Midlands – A Backdrop For Social Realism Setting the film in Nottingham adds a further dimension of imprisonment, through iconography which has since been integrated into British cinema. The imposing chimney stacks and factories serve to increase the feelings of claustrophobia and provincial entrapment. Karel Reisz had already shown in his documentaries Everyday Except Christmas and We Are The Lambeth Boys that ordinary people could provide stories and entertainment, but his directors vision also demonstrates a poeticism of social problems. The views Reisz portrays through his lens have become embedded in British films, and typify a landscape still seen today in any British film within the social realist cannon. Saturday Night and Sunday Morning Saturday Night and Sunday Morning By Alan Sillitoe Adapted by Amanda Whittington [pic] Harrogate Theatre 22nd February – 8th March 2008 Directed by Joyce Branagh Resource Material [pic] Alan Sillitoe's ground breaking picture of 1950's Britain, as seen through the eyes of the unforgettable Arthur Seaton (immortalised on screen by Albert Finney), is now brought raging back to life and bang up-to-date in a fast-moving new stage adaptation.Classic kitchen sink drama blended with high energy action and a toe-tapping 1950's fuelled soundtrack makes this at turns funny and heart-rending tale of the life and loves of the original angry young man a must see for three generations. ContentsPage Brief Synopsis Historical context About the author The adapted text List of Characters Principals Analysis In different media 21st Century references Synopsis Saturday Night and Sunday Morning tells the story of Arthur Seaton, a young Nottingham factory worker, who is having an affair with Brenda , the wife of Jack, an older co-worker.He also has a relationship with Doreen, a woman closer to his own age. When Brenda becomes pregnant with Arthur’s child, he goes to his aunt for advice on aborting the child. Jack discovers the affair. His brother and a fellow soldier give Arthur a serious beating. The play ends on an ambiguous note, with a recovered Arthur and Doreen discussing marriage and the prospect of a new home. Historical context 1958: The European Economic Community (Common Market) starts operation. The birth of Rock and Roll, which resulted in the emergence of clubs. Jerry Lee Lewis’s Great Balls of Fire reaches no 1 in the US charts.Women’s rights were still limited, but this was to change over the coming decade. Marie Stopes, a campaigner for women’s rights, dies, aged 69. The first man-made nuclear fusion was created. The class divide was still very prominent and strong. Labour were in government. Queen Elizabeth II had only recently bee n crowned. The idea of a new age had begun. About the Author Name:Alan Sillitoe Born:4th March 1928, Nottingham. Family:Second son of an illiterate tannery laborer. His father, Christopher Sillitoe, became one of the long-term unemployed during the 1930s Depression.On different occasions he worked as a house painter. Once he was imprisoned for â€Å"running up bills for food that he had no hope of paying. † Sillitoe's mother, Silvina (Burton) worked in a lace factory. â€Å"We lived in a room on Talbot Street whose four walls smelled of leaking gas, stale fat, and layers of mouldering wall-paper,† Sillitoe has recalled. Early life:Left school at 14 Sillitoe’s childhood was shadowed by the financial problems of the family, but he also found early on the joys of literature and started to plan his career as a writer.However, his first semi-fictional tale about his wild cousins was burned by his mother for being too revealing. At the age of 14 he left school and wor ked in a number of jobs in Nottingham factories, including a bicycle factory from 1942 to 1946. He served in the Royal Air Force, where he was a wireless operator. After returning from Malaya, he was discovered to have tuberculosis. Sill toe spent sixteen months in an RAF hospital. During this period he started to write again and read intensively. Pensioned off at 21 on 45 shillings at week, he lived in France and Spain for seven years in an attempt to recover.In 1951 he met an American poet, Ruth Fainlight, who was married, but they decided to go abroad together. From 1952 to 1958 they lived in France, Italy and Spain largely on Sillitoe's air force pension. Encouraged by Robert Graves, whom he met on the island of Mallorca in 1956, Sillitoe began to write his first novel, SATURDAY NIGHT AND SUNDAY MORNING (1958), a story about working-class life in Nottingham. Adapters of the book †¢ Amanda Whittington Previous plays for New Perspectives include: The Boy on the Hill; Last Sto p Louisa’s; and Player’s Angels.Other plays include: Ladies Day (Hull Truck); Satin N Steel (Nottingham Playhouse and Bolton Octagon); Be My Baby (Soho Theatre and subsequently staged by Oldham Coliseum, Hull Truck and Salisbury Playhouse); Born To Run (Third Space); Bollywood Jane (Leicester Haymarket); The Wills’s Girls (Tobacco Factory, Bristol and Radio Four). Publications include: Satin N Steel and Be My Baby (Nick Hern Books); and Twist & Shout, Runaway Girl and Shirley’s Song (SchoolPlay). Amanda has also written for film and television, and was joint winner of the 2001 Dennis Potter Screenwriting Award. David Brett David Brett is an English actor, singer and arranger. David Brett is one of the original members of The Flying Pickets. He arranged a number of the group's songs, including the number one hit Only You. Brett is working as an actor, mainly performing on stage, but he has also participated in a number of TV productions and played Dedalus Diggle in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone[1]. Characters Arthur Seaton: (21) a tall, iron-faced, crop-haired youth Loudmouth: (40) a sailor Brenda: (30) a married mother of two Em’ler: (20’s) Brenda’s friend, a bit touchedWinnie: (25) Brenda’s sister, small and fiery Waiter: too old for the job he’s forced to do Sweeper Girls: (20’s) factory workers Tealady: (40’s) a fixture of the factory Jack: (30) self-contained, fresh-faced, with a perpetual frown Robboe: (40) the foreman, a quiet man with tortured eyes Aunt Ada: (50) the personality of a promiscuous barmaid Mick: (40’s) an Irish drunk Landlady: (50’s) worldly-wise and cynical Courting Couple: (20’s) love-struck Grieving Man: (30’s) confused and sad Doreen: (19) fresh and innocent with a sharp edgeSwaddies: (20’s) army thugs Can be staged with a minimum of six actors, playing: Arthur Brenda/Tealady/Landlady Jack/Loudmouth/Grieving Man/Sw addie Winnie/Aunt Ada/Sweeper Girl/Ratface Doreen/Em’Ler/Sweeper Girl/Courting Girl Waiter/Robboe/Mick/Courting Boy/Swaddie Principal Analysis Arthur: Arthur Seaton, a lathe operator in a bicycle factory in Nottingham, England. The blond, muscular twenty- one-year-old fights to remain independent of society, employers, and marriage. He dates married women—first Brenda, then Winnie—and engages in boisterous drinking bouts.After a beating by Winnie’s soldier husband, he settles for the single Doreen, deciding that he need not reject all that life offers to remain independent. Brenda: Jack’s wife and Arthur’s lover. A young mother of two, she is bored with Jack and finds romance and excitement with Arthur. She is part of the dangerous â€Å"Saturday Night† life of the first half of the novel. After having an abortion, and after Arthur, discovered by Jack, has been beaten, she fades from the action. Doreen Greatton: a factory worker. Nine teen years old and single, she is eager to be married but seeks to curb Arthur’s excesses.She represents marriage and settling down to Arthur in the â€Å"Sunday Morning† half of the novel. She fails to get him past every pub but has won commitment from Arthur at the end. Winnie: nicknamed â€Å"Gyp,† Brenda’s sister. She is livelier and more reckless than her older sister. She, too, has an affair with Arthur. Her husband, Bill, is a soldier stationed in Germany. He returns on leave with a friend and, tipped off to the affair by Jack, beats Arthur. By dating Winnie, Arthur hastens an end to the dangerous life that he is finding to be a strain.Jack: Brenda’s husband and Arthur’s foreman at the factory. He is steady but dull. Rather than confront Arthur, he betrays him to Bill, Winnie’s husband. Aunt Ada: Arthur’s widowed aunt, a large, boisterous, and nurturing mother figure whose house teems with family at Christmas. Following his beating by Winnie’s husband, Arthur becomes withdrawn and cautious. It is in her house, under her vital influence, that Arthur breaks out of his withdrawal and returns to life, but with new attitudes. In different Media Saturday Night and Sunday Morning was first a novel written by Alan Sillitoe in 1958.It was one of the first kinds of Kitchen Sink Drama’s, with other noticeable ones being Angry Young Men and Billy Liar. It was adapted into a film in 1960, starring Albert Finney. The screenplay was adapted by Sillitoe himself. The next adaptation was by David Brett in 1964 as a low budget stage show, with a then unknown Ian McKellen in the role. The next proper adaptation was by Amanda Whittington References and Themes in the 21st Century Adultery Loyalty Revenge Violence Love/Friendship Deceit Rectification of your Mistakes

Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa are the most Essays

Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa are the most Essays Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa are the most common eating disorders in the world. One in ten Americans suffer or have suffered from an eating disorder in their life. Disorders like these two listed are common in both females and males in their early stages of adulthood. The prevalence in women that suffer from bulimia are 0.3-0.5% , then for women who suffer from Anorexia is 1-3%. From this statistic, it is inferred that these two eating disorders have contrasting characteristics. Even though Bulimia and Anorexia are two types of binge-eating disorders, both have different contrasting effects on t he body such as physical changes to ones' body , Triggers, and negative effects physically and psychologically . Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder where a person is consumed with binge eating followed by extreme methods of pu rging. The physical changes to body are Puffiness in the face below cheekbones, swollen glands, and sometimes bursting blood vessels in the eyes. Bulimia triggers a person's body in ways that exhibit anxious behavior. Someone who has Bulimia Nervosa has less control over their food intake than a person who has Anorexia Nervosa. People who have Bulimia lack control over their daily intake , following extreme diets for example going a day without eating, in-combination with the impulse to eat a large amount of food. This eating disorder may result in negative effects on one's body physically and psychologically, such as heat failure, damage to esophagus and teeth. People who suffer from this eating disorder tend to display a perfectionism behavior and have a tendency to be highly self-critical. Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder where a person fears weight gain and avoids eating, or eats small irregular food portions. A person with this eating disorder has physical changes in their body like loss of their hair, slow movements. Someone who is Anorexia Nervosa exhibits triggers such as compulsive controlling, for example their strict control over their food intake. Also, they tend to be consumed with analyzing the smallest things. This disorder effects the body negatively due to the cause of conditions it can cause such as Amenorrhea; which is the loss of one's menstrual cycle, osteoporosis, and infertility. Anorexia Nervosa causes one to become isolated from others, like their family and friends. In conclusion, Bulimia and Anorexia Nervosa are both self-destructive eating habits, but must be identified in different ways. They both have very contrasting physical characteristics that set them apart from one and another. Both can have different effects on one's body and daily functioning.

Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer is a malignancy in the skin and is the most common of all cancers. There are three types of major skin cancers, which are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma, the most common type, develops in the basal, or bottom, layer of the epidermis. Squamous cell carcinoma develops in the upper layers of the epidermis. Melanoma develops in the melanocytes, or pigment cells, which are the basal layer of the skin. Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. Skin cancers can grow in any part of the skin, however, most grow in areas that are exposed to the sun, especially the face, neck, hands, and scalps. Exposure to direct sunlight, especially in early childhood, is the major risk factor in getting skin cancer. People with pale skin are the greatest risk of skin cancer, particularly if their skin burns or freckles easily. A family history of skin cancer can also increase a person's risk. Another factor is a person's diet. A recent study found that patients on a diet of 20 percent fat had fewer precancerous growths and non-melanoma skin cancers than those who had a diet of about 38 percent fat. Early detection and treatment are the keys to survival, especially for melanoma. Any of the several skin changes can be a sign of a skin cancer and should be reported to a doctor. These changes include any change in size, shape, color, or texture of a mole or other dark pigmented area. A mole could become itchy or tender and if it's a new mole it may feel hard or even bleed which can also lead to skin cancer. Lastly, a skin ulcer that doesn't heal or a black spot under a toenail or fingernail that extends beneath the cuticle could also lead to a type of skin cancer. To confirm a diagnosis of skin cancer a doctor may perform a biopsy, by removing a small piece of the skin to examine under a microscope for the presence of cancerous cells.

Uses of statistical information Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Uses of statistical information - Research Paper Example Statistics is a science of obtaining, organizing, summarizing, analyzing and making inferences about the data. In short, statistics is about all aspects of dealing with data (Williamson, 2002). There are very many fields that use statistics in their everyday activities and its use is as important as the fields themselves.Each workplace has unique demand and thus the kind of statistics required may vary to suit the needs of a particular work place. The use of statistics in a hospital setting is of paramount importance and is at the forefront in running, managing and decision making in the hospital. However, there exists basic standard statistics which are common in all hospital setting. In order to understand the statistical techniques to apply in a work place, one needs to know the statistical needs of that place (Barker & Harraway, 2005). Statistics are used in a variety of ways within a hospital- ranging from doing simple descriptive statistics for day to day management, for exampl e using routine hospital data in calculating operating costs and evaluating performance of hospital staff to carrying out big studies to address health issues using a series of data collected over a long period of time. One very important type of statistics typically obtained and used in a hospital is vital statistics. Vital statistics basically refers to the important events in human life. For a hospital setting, figures of life and death are widely used together with data collected on causes of death, disease as well as infections for addressing public health issues (Siri & Cork, 2009). Statistics help us understand how and why things happen the way they do and also capture unusual trends in the hospitalized population. The primary statistical knowledge obtained therefore helps in getting an insight into the future using prediction. With all the data the hospital collects on a daily basis, some descriptive statistics are derived. Descriptive statistics are used to show how the dat a looks like as well give a summary of the major components of the data. Coming up with descriptive statistics also helps us know if we captured the data we intended (Scott & Mazhindu, 2005). An example of descriptive statistics used in a hospital where I work, is the average number of patients received per day or per month. This gives an idea of how to monitor and evaluate hospital services to suit our needs. Another element of statistics is making inferences which are basically stating questions in form of hypothesis and answering them based on the available data. An example of such a setting in our hospital is studying whether age has an effect on the healing process of a wound. This question is formulated into a hypothesis and answered by categorizing patients with wounds based on their age and monitoring their healing process. A small sample t-test or an Analysis of Variance test is used to test whether the mean healing rate in one age group is significantly higher than the mea n healing rate in another age group. The decision to reject or accept our hypothesis is based on the probability that the results were obtained by chance alone (p-value) and the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it’s in fact true- ? level Both probabilities should be as small as possible to draw valid conclusions (Plichta & Garzon, 2006). There are four levels of statistical measurements used in the hospital where I work. These include nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio measurements. Nominal measurements are the weakest since the numeric values assigned to the variables only act as identifiers to uniquely name the variables of interest. They do not imply an ordering; neither does the interval represent the spacing between the variables (Trochim, 2006). During hospital assets audit, furniture is numbered just as an indicator for the already verified assets. Some probable statistics associated with nominal scales variables include mode and chi square. On the o ther hand, ordinal measurements

The Rising Cost of Benefits in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Rising Cost of Benefits in America - Essay Example Historical View Although the costs of healthcare have consistently risen over the last twenty years, the recent increases pale in comparison to tremendous spikes during the 1980s. According to Weatherly (2004), â€Å"[p]er capita health care spending increased by 156% from 1980 to 1990, while spending from 1990 to 2000 increased by less than half that amount† (p. 2). It seems strategies have changed today, from the 1980s, when employers absorbed a vast majority of cost increases. The recession of 1991 set employers back, yet health maintenance organizations (HMOs) had a stronger presence, providing economic relief to a certain extent. During that period, HMOs are reported as being a major factor in the decelerated rising costs. Today, employers are faced with a once more weakened economy and steep costs associated with providing benefits. The present difference is the extreme competition within many industries, which makes it hard for organizations to pass costs onto their cus tomers. Consequently, the employee responsibility is increasing, causing them to absorb more of the cost, reducing their overall income (Weatherly, 2004). ... Major consulting groups, the mass media, and healthcare experts have expressed similar research findings; according to Weatherly (2004), â€Å"health care costs are a critical or significant concern to the overwhelming majority of CEOs, Chief Human Resource Officers (CHROs) and other business leaders† (p. 2). Weatherly (2004) reports on surveys conducted among HR leaders and healthcare experts throughout the country, which convey a single ideology—employees and employers, when working together, can reduce the cost of healthcare. Specifically, â€Å"depending on the specific health care specialty area, between 83% and 96% of employers believe that employer and consumer decisions can have a significant or moderate impact on cost† (Weatherly, 2004, p. 2). Healthcare benefits have been the topic of heated discussion in recent months. Many Americans have voiced concern over the dire situation that the country is currently facing. Weatherly (2004) estimates organizatio ns spend $300 billion each year on providing health insurance for current employees, their dependents, and retired employees. Until 2011, a majority of employers did little to reduce benefit plan coverage and counteract the rising costs. As of 2004, plans offered by employers were relatively stable. Innovative benefit strategies and revamps of overall design were rare to non-existent (Weatherly, 2004). Innovative Strategies Recent reports by HR leaders to assist in offsetting the rapid increase in costs include premium cost shifting from employers to employees, raised deductibles, prescription programs (generic and mail-order), and increased cost-sharing with patients. As mentioned, healthcare costs are expected to climb another 8.9 percent in 2011 and experts expect annual increases into the near future

Poetry explication with outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Poetry explication with outline - Essay Example The second row utilized the words "we people", implying that the townspeople documented themselves as organism on a dissimilar level than Cory. Describing them as organism "on the asphalt road" gives the chart picture of people session around on the road staring up at the rich aristocrat on foot by. Beyond the shadow, the third row says Cory was "a man from sole to crown." The word circlet has palpable royal implications, which is additional of Cory being elevated over the townspeople. Cory is not a man from "head to toe", but in its place from "only to crown". The fourth row uses the expression "imperially slender" to explain Cory. The word imposing income "belonging to a territory" or "grand." While regal is not more often than not consideration of as a way to explain slim, it is more of Robinson expressing the significance of Cory. According to the expert analysis the second verse shows how the municipality adores Cory. After the opening stanzas description single strength believes Cory eminent himself over the others. Line 6 disproves this by saying "he was forever human when he converses." Furthermore, this tells the person who reads that Cory talked as although he was on the similar stage as the others, not pretending to be a ruler or noble. Position seven and eight demonstrate more of the towns respect of Cory. The townspeople are explains as having "fluttered pulses" simply by life form told "good-morning" by Cory. The chart picture this gives could be contrasts to a flock of pre-teenage girls fainting at the talk about of a teen-idols persons name. The eighth line and says Cory "glittered when he sauntered." Glittered is an attractive word choice, as it appears like Cory is made of diamonds that reproduce in the sun as he leisurely walks during the city. This research focused on this truth that the third stanza meeting more of Cory life form great, and in fact compares him to a king. In line 9 Robinson uses a

Haitian and American Revolutions Essay Example for Free

Haitian and American Revolutions Essay While the revolutions in colonial America and Haiti had many parallels, they were also unique in their own ways. In both revolutions, the rebels revolted against a foreign superpower that was in a weakened economic state in order to gain economic and social freedom. However, the Haiti revolution stressed freedom for everybody (including slaves), whereas the American Revolution focused more on the needs of the Bourgeois, or middle class. The revolutions in both of these countries would have been unsuccessful were it not for the crippling problems faced by both opposing superpowers. The success of the Haitian revolution was due in no small part to the political turmoil brought about by the French revolution. This weakened the ability of the colonial administrators in Haiti to maintain order and caused the authority of colonial officials to no longer be clear; even the very legitimacy of slavery was even being challenged in France. The turmoil in France and Haiti paved the way for a struggle between the elite plantation owners and the free black slave owners. This fighting in turn gave the slaves, under the leadership of Toussaint LOuverture, the unheard of opportunity to revolt against their owners and emancipate themselves from a brutal system of bondage (Corbet). The revolution in the Americans was against its mother country, Great Britain, and unlike Haiti, the British army was in full force when war broke. There were, however, economic weaknesses that led to the inevitable revolution against Britain. Britain was burdened by debts from the French and Indian War, and therefore taxed the colonies substantially to make up for this. The ideologies of the revolutions in both Haiti and America were very similar. In America, philosophers such as Thomas Paine and John Locke preached social and economic freedom. Thomas Paine writes, And he hath shown himself such an inveterate enemy to liberty, and discovered such a thirst for arbitrary power, is he, or is he not, a proper person to say to these colonies, you shall make no laws but what I please!' (Overfield, 198). This represents the opinion of many revolutionaries: that they should be allowed to rule on their own and not be taxed and forced into things by a  ruler thousands of miles away. Also, these philosophers believed in the idea of unalienable rights for men. The Declaration states, We hold these truths to be [sacred and undeniable] self evident, that all men are created equal and independent; that from that equal creation they derive in rights inherent and inalienables, among which are the preservation of life, and liberty and the pursuit of happiness (Maier). The colonists believed that everyone with land should have a chance to pursue happiness, and that the British monarchy wasnt allowing them this freedom. They also proclaimed that taxation without representation was a denial of the rights they deserved. The bourgeois class brought up this claim to get more economical freedom and rights. Acts passed by the Parliament such as the Stamp Act limited the economic potential of this middle class. Thomas Paine talked of how no immigrants would move to the colonies of the government was not allowed to be independent and thrive (Overfield, 198). Although this would help the middle class gain more money and thrive, the lower class including the slaves would be unaffected. These slaves were not to be given any rights or improvements from their previous lifestyle. In Haiti before the revolution, slaves also had no rights or say in their lives. With Frances being in a state of turmoil, a window opened for a chance to rid of their masters and grasp a life unheard of to slaves of this era. All they needed was a leader: someone to bring them together and unite them in this noble cause, and for them, this man was Toussaint LOuverture. With the slave owners fighting and in disarray, the slaves rose up and fought hard for a better life. LOuverture might have grasped the idea of economic independence, but the slaves only goal was social freedom. Many fought to the death because they welcomed death as a change from the terrible lives they had been living. This revolution was to give inalienable rights to all, including slaves, instead of just to the bourgeois class as had been done in America. In the Haitian revolution, the slaves revolted against the wealthy plantation owners. Details of these events are shown with illustrations that were  created from British admirer Marcus Rainsfords own sketches. Rainsford depicted him through his portraits almost as if he were a deity a countenance bold and striking, yet full of the most prepossessing suavity terrible to an enemy, but inviting to the objects of his friendship or his love. The rebellious slaves eventually gained the upper hand under the leadership of LOuverture (Rainsford). LOuverture then led an invasion of neighboring Saint Domingo where he continued to liberate slaves. In 1802, Napoleon, the leader of France, sent a large military force and fought the rebel forces. The resistance persisted, and the slaves eventually gained independence by defeating Napoleon. LOuverture was captured and sent to France, where he died in prison. One might wonder what he was thinking as when he was there. A letter, or a journal written by him might provide insight into the mind of this influential revolutionary. The American Revolution started with boycotts to repeal unjust measures such as the Stamp Act. These passions intensified into riots, which were portrayed in the Boston Tea Party, where rebels dumped 10,000 pounds of tea into the river to protest high tea taxes. The Boston Massacre also incited hatred towards the King of Britain, King George III (Middlekauff 712). All these factors escalated and came to a climax when war was declared against the British. In the early stages of the revolution, minutemen, ordinary colonists, were used in the battles. Eventually, strong military leaders organized the colonists into a fighting machine and the colonists were able to surround the British at Yorktown, thus gaining their independence Bibliography Corbett, Bob. The Haitian Revolution of 1791-1803. 21 Mar. 2001. Webster University. http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti/history/revolution/revolution1.htm. Maier, Pauline. American Scripture Making the Declaration of Independence. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997. Jefferson, Thomas. The Declaration of Independence. Maier 235-241. Middlekauff, Robert. The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789. Vol. II of the Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1982. Overfield, Andrea. The Human Record Sources of Global History. Vol. 2. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001. Paine, Thomas. Common Sense. Overfield 194-198. Rainsford, Marcus. An Historical Account of the Black Empire of Hayti: Comprehending a View of the Pricipal Transactions in the Revolution of Saint Domingo; With its Ancient and Modern State. London: James Cundee, 1803.